Thursday, June 11, 2009

A Cabinet of Natural Curiosities

Albertus Seba y



wunderkammer: ostrich & porcupine



Albertus Seba cabinet of curiosities - anteater and mammal



7-headed hydra : Albertus Seba



preserved mammal species in jars



arachnids: spider species



armadillo, rat-like mammal + birds



snake and ibis-like bird



engraving of a sloth (wunderkammer)



snake and pangolin



frog and lizard - cabinet of curiosities



turtle or tortoise species engravings



18th century wunderkammer - frogs and snakes



frog, lizard, snake illustrations



Albertus Seba's cabinet - chameleon engravings



engraved plates of lizards - 1734



3-toed sloth and stylised ape figures



Albertus Seba - snakes and rat-like mammals



stylised alligator or crocodile



illustrated snake + lizard species - decorative design



mammal and bird drawings



Albertus Seba



goats and fanciful mammal sketches



stylised rat-like mammal sitting upright



anteaters and snakes



bird of paradise illustrations 18th century



birds nests



hatching alligator drawings



The images above come from Volume One of 'Locupletissimi Rerum Naturalium Thesauri' by Albertus Seba, 1734, newly available from the Missouri Botanical Garden's Botanicus website.

More than a hundred plates are accessible and can be individually downloaded in enormous jp2 image files. I have uploaded very large images to flickr, but the source site is the place to go for the 7000+ pixels-wide versions. We must thank blind luck for my even bothering to load this book; fairly obviously I can only look at a very small amount of material that passes across my screen and I didn't recognise the title. It was a totally random click.

I have posted a few plates from Seba previously and Mr H uploaded some photographs of other images a few years ago, but relatively few good quality scans from Seba's renowned publication have been easily accessible on the web before now. Two other sources I know of are: the University of Göttingen Volume I and Volume IV; and the Digital Library at Gdansk University of Technology appear to have a complete (microfilm) scan of the series. The quality of images at each of these sites is less than wonderful however. Let's hope Botanicus proceeds to digitise the remaining three volumes. There are more than four hundred plates in total.
"Albertus Seba's "Cabinet of Curiosities" is one of the 18th century's greatest natural history achievements and remains one of the most prized natural history books of all time.

Though it was common for men of his profession to collect natural specimens for research purposes, Amsterdam-based pharmacist Albertus Seba (1665-1736) had a passion that led him far beyond the call of duty. His amazing, unprecedented collection of animals, plants and insects from all around the world gained international fame during his lifetime. In 1731, after decades of collecting, Seba commissioned illustrations of each and every specimen and arranged the publication of a four-volume catalog detailing his entire collection-from strange and exotic plants to snakes, frogs, crocodiles, shellfish, corals, insects, butterflies and more, as well as fantastic beasts, such as a hydra and a dragon.

Seba's scenic illustrations, often mixing plants and animals in a single plate, were unusual even for the time. Many of the stranger and more peculiar creatures from Seba's collection, some of which are now extinct, were as curious to those in Seba's day as they are to us now."
That quote is taken from the Taschen site. They published an oversized (hand-coloured) facsimile version of Seba's 'Cabinet of Natural Curiosities' a few years ago and by all accounts it is a superb production. [Amazon page]

Tuesday, June 9, 2009

Grotesque Alphabet

Grotesque Alphabet 'A'

Ateone mutato in Cervo da Diana

Background: Actea Actaeon at right; Diana in the centre

Ateone mutato in Cervo da Diana
Atheonis transformed into a deer by Diana


Grotesque Alphabet 'B'

Penteo / Bacco Trionfante

Background: Bacchus carried by a procession

Penteo / Bacco Trionfante
Pentheus / The Triumph of Bacchus


Grotesque Alphabet 'C'

Cadmo mutato in Serpente con la moglie

Background: Cadmus being transformed into a serpent

Cadmo mutato in Serpente con la moglie
Cadmus is transformed into a serpent along with his wife


Grotesque Alphabet 'D'

Dedalo / Icaro

Background: Icarus is falling to earth

Dedalo / Icaro
Daedalus / Icarus

Grotesque Alphabet 'F'

Fetonte guisa il carro del sole

Background: A woman rides a chariot towards the sun
Phaeton, son of Helios, rides in his father's chariot

Fetonte guida il carro del sole
Phaeton drives the chariot of the Sun

Grotesque Alphabet 'H'

Hercole entrando nel'inferno Amazza Cerbero

Background: Hercules enters the inferno of Cerberus

Hercole entrando nel'inferno Amazza Cerbero
Hercules kills Cerberus at the entrance of Ades

Grotesque Alphabet 'L'

Licaone mutato in Lupo

Background: Licone [?] Lyacon* is transformed into a fox wolf

Licaone mutato in Lupo
Lycaon is transformed into a wolf


Grotesque Alphabet 'M'

Avaritia del Re Mida

Background: Scene depicting the greed of King Midas

Avaritia del Re Mida
The greed of King Midas


Grotesque Alphabet 'N'

Narcisso s'inamora de si stesso et dive ta un fiore

Background: Narcissus leans over a tomb set within a landscape

Narcisso s'inamora di se stesso et diventa un fiore
Narcissus falls in love with himself and turns into a flower


Grotesque Alphabet 'O'

Eccellenza d'Orfeo nel sonare et lametarsi

Background: Orpheus plays his lyre

Eccellenza d'Orfeo nel sonare et lametarsi
Orpheus’ great skill in playing and wailing
(lit., I think it’s what nowadays we’d call dramatic acting)


Grotesque Alphabet 'Q'

Quinto Curtio

Background: Marcus Curtius on horseback is about to leap into the chasm

Quinto Curtio
Quintus Curtius


Grotesque Alphabet 'R'

Rololo et Remo primi fondatori de Roma

Background: Romulus and Remus alongside a wolf

Romolo et Remo primi fondatori di Roma
Romulus and Remus, original founders of Rome


Grotesque Alphabet 'S'

Serena

Background: Serena swims in the sea



Grotesque Alphabet 'T'

Terseo unice il Minotauro et inganna Arianna

Background: Theseus and the minotaur's labyrinth

Teseo vince il Minotauro et inganna Arianna
Thesesu defeats the Minotaur and deceives Arianna


Grotesque Alphabet 'V'

Plutone / Venere et Cupido

Background: Venus and Cupid on a cliff; Pluto arrives in a chariot

Plutone / Venere et Cupido
Pluto / Venus and Cupid


Grotesque Alphabet 'Z'

Zarantani

Background: A city


This late 16th century suite of ornamental letters by Giacomo Paolini is known as 'Grotesque Alphabet in Mythological Landscapes'. The only thing I discovered about Paolini is that he was an Italian artist.

To discover which letters I've omitted and which letters were missing from the modern day alphabet, you will need to track them down at the source: the British Museum Prints Database (search on "Giacomo Paolini" in the 'free text' field)

The lazy link: Greek mythology.

**Update: Thanks to Giovanni for providing the translations above (in blue).

Monday, June 8, 2009

Antipodean Fantasy

Random Australiana



Australian Fantasy 018


'The Spirit of Mischief' by Margaret Clark (mid-1920s)



Australian Fantasy 017


'The Florist Shop' by Margaret Clark (mid-1920s)




Australian Fantasy 010


'She saw a little witch dance past', by Ida Rentoul Outhwaite
in 'The Lady of the Blue Beads' (1908)



Australian Fantasy 001

'The Little Witch' by Ida Rentoul Outhwaite in 'Elves & Fairies' (1916)



Australian Fantasy 008

'Autumn Fairy' by Ida Rentoul Outhwaite in 'Elves & Fairies' (1916)



Australian Fantasy 009

'Flower Frocks' by Ida Rentoul Outhwaite in 'The Enchanted Forest' (1921)



Australian Fantasy 007

'Periwinkle Painting the Petals' by Ida Rentoul Outhwaite
in 'The Little Fairy Sister' (1923)



Australian Fantasy 003

'Gum Leaves' by Ethel Turner (1900)




Australian Fantasy 004

Magazine cover by May Gibbs (1914)




Australian Fantasy 016

This May Gibbs poster was for the first Infant Welfare campaign by the NSW Health Department (before 1920 I think). Perhaps of much greater significance is the symbolism of juxtaposing an imported traditional figure (stork) with the local kookaburra. It speaks volumes both in terms of a generation of illustrators gaining confidence with adopting a new local visual language and, even if unintentional, I think the picture offers a revealing insight into the national psyche that continues to resonate today.

Australia's physical isolation and relative young age as a nation, as well as its modest population size has always engendered a certain lack of confidence in our competing - one way or another - in the wider world. It's strange to even think about it, let alone admit it in public, but it's absolutely true. We feel slightly intimidated, a little unsure of where we fit in and desirous of being told we are ok. Don't get me wrong, this national inferiority complex has a lot of benefits too, particularly in the way our arts industry has evolved; it has inspired an amazingly unique film industry for one and possibly accounts for our industrial-strength obsession with sport. There are sociological Honors projects buried in that there image, I'm sure. Or maybe *I* am seeing too much.
¶ That description comes with the caveat that it is a deep background, almost unconscious resonance, and is receding, ever so slightly, as time goes by.




Australian Fantasy 015

Rare dustjacket for a 1920 comic book by May Gibbs.




Australian Fantasy 014

Bookcover of 'The Billibonga Bird' by Harold Gaze* (1919)



Australian Fantasy 005

'Scared of the Kewpies' by Olga Cohn (1920s)




Australian Fantasy 006

Cover image of 'The Lone Hand' (1909) by DH Souter
(the cat featured in a lot of his illustration work)
"The Lone Hand began as an ambitious project, an all-Australian magazine of broad scope and high quality, by the standards of the time. Later in the war years, it declined in value and prestige, and went through changes in policy in the attempt to regain its leading position. It published an amount of early science fiction."



Australian Fantasy 011


'My Little Son, Dandelion' by Ethel Jackson Morris*
in 'The White Butterfly and other Fairy Tales' (1921).



Australian Fantasy 012

'Children in a Tree' by Ethel Spowers (1927)



Australian Fantasy 013

'The Witch and the Giant' by Christian Yandell in 'The Gates of Dawn' (1930s)




Australian Fantasy 019

'The beauty of the garden took her breath away'
by Pixie O'Harris in 'Pearl Pinkie and the Sea Greenie' (1935)



Australian Fantasy 020

"I will not have Cow-fish in my garden!" by Pixie O'Harris
in 'Pearl Pinkie and the Sea Greenie' (1935)

Stylistically very similar to May Gibbs from whom O'Harris inherited the mantle of leading children's book illustrator. They are probably the two most famous artists arising out of those early decades of the 20th century but O'Harris' career spanned more than sixty years (she ceased illustrating in the 1980s).



Australian Fantasy 002

1890s children's book publication by W Cole



All images are assumed to be © the estates of the respective artist.


These pictures were scanned a while back from a couple of secondary compilation books on loan, but I'm afraid I've lost the book titles.

The first four decades of the 20th century were the 'golden age' of Australian book illustration, particularly in the fantasy - [a word applied loosely to some of the above examples]- genre. The above array is nowhere near comprehensive and I've intentionally left out Dorothy Wall, for instance, who will turn up in a dedicated post somewhere along the line in the future. Even if you didn't own works by the most famous of the Australian fantasy illustrators (I didn't...I don't think), many of their characters were - are - an inescapable part of the visual patchwork in the background, growing up here. Not too shabby really.